1. What is a mine LTE private network

The mine LTE private network is a dedicated 4G wireless communication network specifically designed for coal mines and metal mines. It operates independently from the public network and provides coverage both above and below ground, meeting the production and scheduling needs for high reliability, low latency, high bandwidth, and explosion-proof safety.

II. Core application scenarios (underground + open-air)

I. Underground coal mine (the core)

• Precise personnel positioning and safety management
Real-time positioning, trajectory tracking, attendance checking, and over-boundary/over-time alarms for underground personnel/vehicles; emergency one-click call for help to enhance rescue efficiency.

• HD voice + video scheduling
VoLTE HD calls, group calls/mass calls/forced insertion and dismantling; real-time HD video transmission from underground working faces, belts, and tunneling faces, as well as remote monitoring and commanding.

• Wireless monitoring and remote control of equipment
Wireless data acquisition + remote start/stop/speed regulation for coal cutters, hydraulic supports, belt conveyors, etc.; equipment fault early warning and remote diagnosis.

• Back transmission of safety monitoring data
Real-time upload of sensor data such as gas, carbon monoxide, dust, water level, and temperature, with immediate alarms for anomalies.

• Mobile office and inspection
Underground handheld terminals/explosion-proof mobile phones: inspection records, hidden danger reporting, work order processing, video conferencing, and mobile office.

II. Open-pit mine

• Autonomous mining trucks/construction machinery
Low latency (<20ms) + high bandwidth, supporting remote driving, formation driving, and automatic loading and unloading of mining trucks, reducing personnel and improving efficiency.

• On-board video and dispatching
Real-time video transmission, vehicle scheduling, overspeed/off-track warning for mining trucks/excavators.

• Monitoring of slopes/stockpile areas/waste dump sites
High-definition camera + LTE backhaul, for real-time monitoring of slope stability and material stacking status.

III. Advantages over traditional technologies (WiFi/PHS/analog trunking)

• High bandwidth and high speed: single station downlink 100Mbps/uplink 50Mbps, supporting high-definition video and massive sensor data.

• Wide coverage and strong diffraction: Single station coverage of 300–400 meters in underground tunnels, with good anti-interference and penetration properties.

• Low latency and high reliability: End-to-end latency <100ms, meeting the requirements of control-type services; dual-ring redundancy, with fault switching in seconds.

• Multimedia scheduling: Integrating voice, data, video, and trunking into one network to handle all services.

• Safety compliance: The equipment is intrinsically safe/flameproof, complying with coal mine safety regulations; data is unloaded locally and does not leave the mining area.

• Easy to expand and compatible with 5G: It can be smoothly upgraded to 5G and is compatible with existing terminals and applications.

IV. Typical System Architecture (Minimalist)

• Core network: dispatch server, VoLTE, user management, security gateway

• Wireless access network: mining flameproof/intrinsic safe LTE base station, antenna, leaky coaxial cable

• Terminals: explosion-proof mobile phones, vehicle-mounted CPEs, positioning tags, industrial routers, cameras

• Application platforms: personnel positioning, video surveillance, equipment monitoring, safety monitoring, dispatch and command

V. Value Summary

• Safety: Reduce personnel underground, implement real-time early warning, and facilitate rapid rescue

• Efficiency: remote control, unmanned operation, precise scheduling, and reduced/no human supervision

• Cost: One network carries multiple services, reducing redundant construction